Japanese Learning

Japanese Taste Words: Sweet, Salty, Spicy, Sour, and Bitter

Describe how food tastes with Japanese adjectives. Notice that 甘い and 辛い differ by more than one English label, and learn each word with a plausible food example.

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Author LavaJapanese

Describe how food tastes with Japanese adjectives. Notice that 甘い and 辛い differ by more than one English label, and learn each word with a plausible food example.

Taste and overall evaluation are different

甘い describes sweetness, 酸っぱい sourness, and 苦い bitterness. 辛い often describes spicy heat, while しょっぱい describes a salty taste. おいしい gives a positive overall judgement; it does not tell the listener which flavour stands out.

A dish can have more than one quality. 甘くて酸っぱい describes something sweet and sour. 甘いけど、おいしい says it is sweet but tasty, with a contrast supplied by the speaker’s expectations. Do not add a contrast just because the English exercise contains two adjectives.

Make the evaluation your own

このスープは少ししょっぱいです makes a limited comment about this soup. 味が薄い can describe a mild or weak flavour rather than the physical thickness of a dish. These statements practise language; they do not make claims about how a named restaurant cooks.

Examples to read before you practise

Japanese

Reading / English

甘い

あまい — sweet

辛い

からい — spicy / hot

酸っぱい

すっぱい — sour

苦い

にがい — bitter

しょっぱい

salty

おいしい

delicious

味が薄い

あじがうすい — mild / weak in flavour

甘くて酸っぱい。

It is sweet and sour.

Try six questions

Try these self-check questions from memory, then compare your answers with the explanations. For automatic checking and saved progress, open the related practice after this article.

  1. Sweet: dictionary adjective.

  2. Sour: dictionary adjective.

  3. Bitter: dictionary adjective.

  4. Spicy: dictionary adjective from the table.

  5. 甘い → te form connecting adjectives

  6. おいしい → plain past affirmative

Answer key and explanations

  1. 甘い / あまい — 甘い describes sweetness.

  2. 酸っぱい / すっぱい — Keep the small っ in 酸っぱい.

  3. 苦い / にがい — 苦い describes bitterness.

  4. 辛い / からい — 辛い describes spicy heat here.

  5. 甘くて / あまくて — An い-adjective connects with くて.

  6. おいしかった — Replace the final い with かった.

Keep learning

Try what you have just read

Recognise the pattern, write an answer from memory, then use it in a short reading. Your existing progress carries over.

Open the three-step lesson

Sources

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